How to fix cracks in the walls of your home ?

Cracks in your walls or ceiling can be unsettling, but they’re not always cause for alarm.

In this guide, we’ll walk you through the reasons why these cracks might appear, when you should be concerned, and what steps you can take. Whether you’re dealing with minor issues or something more serious, we’re here to help you understand what’s going on and guide you on how to sort it.

Why have I got cracks in the walls of my home?

There are many reasons why cracks can appear in your walls or ceiling. Some are superficial and nothing to worry about, while others might signal a deeper problem. Here’s a quick rundown of the most common causes:

1. Leaks from the escape of water, this is the most common reason and crucial to check for first
2. Structural issues, for example from subsidence 
3. New build homes settling into their foundations 
4. General wear and tear over time
5. Newly plastered walls cracking as they dry
6. Temperature changes, causing the house to expand and shrink over time 
7. Heavy traffic vibrations near your home

Should I worry about cracks in my walls and ceiling?

Not all cracks are the same. Some might just be a sign of the house settling, while others could be a sign of serious structural issues - yikes! Watch out for the following types of cracks, as they may need professional attention:

• Cracks measuring more than 5mm  
• Cracks above door frames and windows  
• Diagonal cracks  
• Cracks that have appeared suddenly  
• Cracks where sunlight is visible through  

If any of these apply, it’s a good idea to get a professional opinion.

Types of cracks in walls and ceiling

Cracks can tell you a lot about what’s going on behind the scenes. The size, direction, and location of a crack are all clues to its cause. Let’s dive into a few common types and what they might be saying.

Vertical cracks

Noticing small vertical cracks? These are often from freshly plastered walls and are usually no big deal. But if they’re wider than 5mm, it’s a good idea to get a professional opinion.

Diagonal cracks 

Diagonal or 'stair-step' cracks are more concerning. They usually hint at structural movement and potential damage. If you see these, it might be time to consult a structural engineer.

Horizontal cracks 

Horizontal cracks are another red flag for structural issues. They could be linked to foundation problems, so don’t ignore these—definitely take them seriously.

Ceiling cracks

Ceiling cracks can pop up for several reasons, like dampness, movement, or plastering problems. If you notice them growing over time, it’s best to investigate further.

Cracks above door frames

Cracks around door frames or windows might be a sign of trouble with the lintel (a type of beam). If it’s a new crack, check with the installer, but if it’s older, it might suggest a foundation issue.

What causes cracks in new build homes?

It’s totally normal for new homes to develop a few cracks as they settle in—nothing to stress about! Here’s why this happens:

• Settling: When a new build settles, it’s just the house adjusting its weight into the ground, which can cause a bit of movement and some minor cracks. No biggie!
• Material shrinkage: Materials like concrete, plaster, and mortar contain water that dries out over time. As they shrink, small cracks can appear. It’s all part of the process.
• Thermal movement: As the home experiences its first changes in temperature, small cracks can show up due to expansion and contraction. It’s just the house getting used to the seasons!

Keep in mind, these types of cracks are usually not covered by a home insurance policy.

Will my building insurance cover cracks?

To be sure of what’s covered, you’ll need to check your buildings insurance policy. On average, the annual cost of buildings insurance is around £208*. A little tip: combining buildings and contents insurance often works out cheaper than buying them separately. For example, contents insurance alone averages at £69* per year, but a combined policy has an average cost of £233*.

Keep in mind, small cosmetic cracks due to wear and tear usually aren’t covered by most policies. But, if the cracks are from water damage, like a leak, check if your policy includes trace and access cover. The average cost of claims fo Aan escape of water incident is around £6,900* —ouch! So, it’s definitely wise to make sure you’re covered for this.

_{*Data from Confused.com, May - July 2024.}

What is subsidence?

Subsidence occurs when the ground beneath your home moves, causing your foundation to shift. This can result in cracks and other types of damage. If you think subsidence might be happening, it's a good idea to act fast to stop any further problems from developing!

Will my home insurance cover subsidence?

Yes, most buildings insurance policies usually cover subsidence. This usually includes repairs and even alternative accommodation if needed. The insurance company will assess the situation to confirm subsidence before approving any claims.

Spotting subsidence? Don’t panic—just act fast! Here's what you'll need to do to make a claim

1. Call your insurer straight away and describe what’s going on (cracks, sinking, etc.).
2. Snap photos and gather any reports from structural experts if you have them—evidence is gold.
3. Your insurer might send a surveyor to check things out; it’s normal and part of the process.
4. Subsidence claims can take time, so brace yourself for a bit of a wait.
5. Review your policy for specifics—know what’s covered, the excess you’ll pay, and any time limits.

It's worth noting that the average cost of a combined annual home insurance policy for a house with a history of subsidence is £631* per year.

_{*Based on Confused.com data, May - July 2024.}

How do I fix cracks in my home?

For hairline cracks or ones smaller than 5mm, a bit of DIY or hiring a professional decorator usually does the job. But if these small cracks keep coming back, it could be a sign of something bigger. For larger or more serious cracks, it’s best to get a structural engineer to take a look.

How do I prevent cracks in my home?

Preventing cracks can be tricky, especially if they’re a sign of underlying issues that weren’t visible before. While there’s no foolproof solution, staying on top of home maintenance can make a big difference. Regularly checking things like drains and water pipes is a great place to start to keep your home in shape!

When it comes to your garden, large trees and shrubs growing close to the house can draw moisture out of the ground. This can cause the soil to dry out and sink, leading to subsidence. Keeping an eye on these is key to protecting your home from damage.

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